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Doppler Effect Calculator

Compute the observed frequency of a sound wave when the source and/or observer move through a medium. Enter the source frequency, the speed of sound in the medium, the source speed, and the observer speed (each with a toward/away direction) to get the observed frequency, the shift, and the ratio. The calculator flags the supersonic case (source at or above the speed of sound) where a shock wave forms and the simple formula breaks down. Pairs with the Note Frequency and Wavelength calculators for acoustics work. Everything runs locally in your browser.

Source frequency f Hz
Speed of sound c m/s
Source speed m/s
Observer speed m/s

Result

Classical Doppler effect for sound in a medium: f′ = f · (c + v_o) / (c − v_s), with the sign convention that motion toward the other party is positive — an observer moving toward the source (v_o > 0) raises the pitch, and a source moving toward the observer (v_s > 0) raises it too. If the source moves at or above the speed of sound (v_s ≥ c) the denominator reaches zero or goes negative and a shock wave (sonic boom) forms; the simple formula no longer applies and the calculator reports it. For light in a vacuum this classical formula is only an approximation — use the relativistic Doppler formula for high precision. Everything runs locally — nothing leaves your browser.